WPA2 vs WPA3: Musiyano uripi uye ndeupi waunofanira kushandisa?

Unovhura marongero erouter yako woona imwe sarudzo itsva: WPA3. Unoibatidza, uye mushure memaminitsi gumi, smart plug iri muimba yekutandarira inodonha isina kushanda. Toy yemwana yakabatana inoramba kupedzisa kuibatanidza.

Hapana chakakanganisika. Midziyo iyi haitauri mutauro wekuchengetedza uyo router yako inosimbisa pauri ikozvino.

Gwaro iri rinotsanangura zvinoitwa neWPA2 neWPA3, pazvinosiyana, uye kuti ungasarudza sei pakati pazvo usingavharire midziyo yaunayo.

Zvinhu Zvinokosha Zvaunofanira Kuziva

• WPA3 ndiyo nzira yakasimba. Inodzivirira kufungidzira mapassword pasina internet, inodzivirira zviitiko zvekare, uye inochengetedza ma network akavhurika.
• WPA2 ichiri kugamuchirwa kana yakaiswa kuAES chete, yakachengetedzwa nepassword refu, uye inoramba ichivandudzwa nefirmware.
• WEP neWPA yepakutanga hazvina kushanda uye hazvifanirwe kushandiswa.
• Kuenderana, kwete kuchengetedzeka, ndicho chipingamupinyi chikuru chekuchinja. Midziyo mizhinji inotsigira WPA2 chete.
• WPA2/WPA3 mixed mode inzira inobatsira, kwete kuvandudza kuchengetedzeka. Network dzakasiyana dzemidziyo yekare nemisha itsva dzakachengeteka.

Chii chinonzi WPA?

WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) inzira yekuchengetedza data pakati pemidziyo yako nerouter yako uye inosarudza kuti ndiani anotenderwa kubatana nenetwork.Inotsanangurwa uye inosimbiswa neWi-Fi Alliance.

Mudziyo wega wega weWi-Fi wauinawo unovimba nawo, kusanganisira mafoni, malaptop, makamera, maplug, matoyi nemaprinta. Mudziyo uyu wakapfuura nezvizvarwa zvakati wandei, uye chimwe nechimwe chakagadzirisa kushaya simba munguva yakapfuura.

WEP neWPA: Nei Vachirega Basa

WEP neWPA yepakutanga hazvichachengeteki kushandisa.WEP yakatanga kubva kuma1990 ekupedzisira uye inogona kukanganiswa mumaminitsi mashoma nekuda kwekusasimba mukugadzirwa kwayo kwe "static-key".

WPA yakasvika muna 2003 senzira yekukurumidza yeWEP. Yakawedzera TKIP uye kuongororwa kwekuvimbika, asi yaingoitirwa kugadzirisa kwenguva pfupi, uye WPA2 yakaitsiva nguva pfupi yakatevera.

WPA2: Muyero Unoshanda Kwenguva Refu

WPA2 yakava chiyero chekuchengetedza cheWi-Fi chakajairika muna 2004 uye ichiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya.Kuvandudza kwayo kukuru ndeye AES encryption uchishandisa CCMP, iyo yakasimba kupfuura TKIP inoshandiswa neWPA.

WPA2 inouya nenzira mbiri:

• Yemunhu (PSK):password imwe chete yakagovaniswa kune wese munhu ari pa network.
• Bhizinesi (802.1X):mushandisi wega wega kana mudziyo une humbowo hwawo, hunoongororwa neRADIUS server.

WPA3: Chii Chakachinja

WPA3, yakaziviswa muna 2018, inochengetedza chimiro chakafanana neWPA2 asi inogadzirisa zvikanganiso zvayo zvinozivikanwa.Kubva muna 2020, rutsigiro rweWPA3 rwave rwuchidikanwa kune zvishandiso zvitsva zveWi-Fi zvine chitupa.

Misoro yayo mikuru ndeiyi:

• SAE(Simultaneous Authentication of Equals), iyo inotsiva WPA2 pre-shared key handshake.
• Zvakavanzika zvepamberi, iyo inodzivirira traffic yakambobatwa.
• OWE(Opportunistic Wireless Encryption, inotengeswa seWi-Fi Enhanced Open), iyo inochengetedza network dzakavhurika.
• Nzira yekuchengetedza ye192-bit inosarudzwayeWPA3-Enterprise.

Chii chinonzi WPA?

WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access) inzira yekuchengetedza data pakati pemidziyo yako nerouter yako uye inosarudza kuti ndiani anotenderwa kubatana nenetwork.Inotsanangurwa uye inosimbiswa neWi-Fi Alliance.

Mudziyo wega wega weWi-Fi wauinawo unovimba nawo, kusanganisira mafoni, malaptop, makamera, maplug, matoyi nemaprinta. Mudziyo uyu wakapfuura nezvizvarwa zvakati wandei, uye chimwe nechimwe chakagadzirisa kushaya simba munguva yakapfuura.

WEP neWPA: Nei Vachirega Basa

WEP neWPA yepakutanga hazvichachengeteki kushandisa.WEP yakatanga kubva kuma1990 ekupedzisira uye inogona kukanganiswa mumaminitsi mashoma nekuda kwekusasimba mukugadzirwa kwayo kwe "static-key".

WPA yakasvika muna 2003 senzira yekukurumidza yeWEP. Yakawedzera TKIP uye kuongororwa kwekuvimbika, asi yaingoitirwa kugadzirisa kwenguva pfupi, uye WPA2 yakaitsiva nguva pfupi yakatevera.

WPA2: Muyero Unoshanda Kwenguva Refu

WPA2 yakava chiyero chekuchengetedza cheWi-Fi chakajairika muna 2004 uye ichiri kushandiswa zvakanyanya.Kuvandudza kwayo kukuru ndeye AES encryption uchishandisa CCMP, iyo yakasimba kupfuura TKIP inoshandiswa neWPA.

WPA2 inouya nenzira mbiri:

• Yemunhu (PSK):password imwe chete yakagovaniswa kune wese munhu ari pa network.
• Bhizinesi (802.1X):mushandisi wega wega kana mudziyo une humbowo hwawo, hunoongororwa neRADIUS server.

WPA3: Chii Chakachinja

WPA3, yakaziviswa muna 2018, inochengetedza chimiro chakafanana neWPA2 asi inogadzirisa zvikanganiso zvayo zvinozivikanwa.Kubva muna 2020, rutsigiro rweWPA3 rwave rwuchidikanwa kune zvishandiso zvitsva zveWi-Fi zvine chitupa.

Misoro yayo mikuru ndeiyi:

• SAE(Simultaneous Authentication of Equals), iyo inotsiva WPA2 pre-shared key handshake.
• Zvakavanzika zvepamberi, iyo inodzivirira traffic yakambobatwa.
• OWE(Opportunistic Wireless Encryption, inotengeswa seWi-Fi Enhanced Open), iyo inochengetedza network dzakavhurika.
• Nzira yekuchengetedza ye192-bit inosarudzwayeWPA3-Enterprise.

WPA2 vs WPA3: Musiyano Mukuru

WPA3 inotsiva kubatana kwepassword kweWPA2 neSAE, inowedzera kuvanzika, uye inochengetedza network dzakavhurika; zviyero zvese izvi zvichiri kuvimba neAES-based encryption yedata rako.Tafura iri pazasi inoratidza mutsauko uripo.

Kudzivirirwa kwePassword: PSK vs SAE

SAE inoita kuti kufungidzira mapassword kuve kwakaoma zvikuru nekuti kufungidzira kwega kwega kunoda kutaurirana ne network.Kufananidza kunobatsira pano.

NeWPA2-Personal, munhu anorwisa anotora ruoko rumwe chete anogona kuenda narwo kumba oedza mamiriyoni emapassword asina kuashandisa, sekunge kutora mifananidzo yekiyi uye kuyedza makiyi husiku hwese. NeWPA3-Personal, kufungidzira kwese kunofanirwa kuitwa pamusuwo, kuitira kuti munhu anorwisa anonoke uye aonekwe.

Saka, password isina simba kana kuti yakashandiswazve injodzi huru paWPA2 kupfuura paWPA3.

Kuchengetedzwa Kwezvinhu Zvakavanzika: Nei Mota Dzekare Dzichigara Dzakachengeteka

Kuchengetedzwa kwepachivande zvinoreva kuti password yakakanganiswa haigone kushandiswa kubvisa traffic yakanyorwa kare.WPA3 inogadzira makiyi matsva emusangano wega wega.

PaWPA2, murwisi anorekodha traffic nhasi oziva password gare gare anogona kukwanisa kubvisa zvinyorwa zvaakachengeta. Izvi zvinowanzonzi kurwiswa kwe "steal now, decrypt later", uye WPA3 yakagadzirirwa kuikunda.

Open Networks uye OWE

OWE inopa mushandisi wega wega ari pa network yakavhurika kiyi yake yekunyora, pasina kuda password.Funga nezve cafe uko muenzi wese anowana nzvimbo yekufonera panzvimbo yekushevedzera mukamuri ravanogara vese.

OWE inodzivirira kubva pakuteerera Wi-Fi yeruzhinji munzvimbo dzakadai semahotera, nhandare dzendege nemakafe. WPA2 haina yakaenzana nayo, saka network dzakavhurika dzenguva yeWPA2 dzinotumira data pachena.

Enterprise Mode uye Optional 192-bit Suite

WPA3-Enterprise inowedzera imwe nzira ye192-bit yakabatana neCNSA suite, yakagadzirirwa nharaunda dzine hunhu hwakanyanya.Inoshandisa GCMP-256, HMAC-SHA384 uye 384-bit elliptic curve pakuisa makiyi.

Iyi nzira inonyanya kukosha kuhurumende, dziviriro, mari uye hutano. Haina nzira yekuchinja, saka mutengi wese ari panetwork iyoyo anofanira kuitsigira usati waibatidza.

WPA2 Ichiri Yakachengeteka Here?

Ehe, WPA2 ichiri yakachengeteka zvine mwero kana yakagadziriswa nemazvo uye ikaramba ichivandudzwa.Nzira iyi ine zvikanganiso zvinozivikanwa, asi zvinogoneka kugadziriswa munzvimbo zhinji dzemumba nedzemabhizinesi madiki.

Njodzi mbiri dzinonyanya kukosha:

• Kurwiswa kwepassword isina pamhepo:Kubata maoko kwakabatwa kunogona kuyedzwa pamashoko epasi asina simba kana akashandiswazve.
• Kurwiswa kwakafanana neKRACK:Zvakaziviswa muna 2017, vanoshandisa kubatana maoko kumanikidza kushandisazve makiyi. Zvigamba zvevatengesi zvinozvigadzirisa, asi router nemutengi zvinofanirwa kugadziriswa.

Kuomesa network yeWPA2:

• Shandisa WPA2 neAES (CCMP) chete, uye dzima WEP, WPA neTKIP fallback.
• Dzima WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup).
• Sarudza shoko repasiwedhi refu, rakasiyana rausingazoshandisizve kune imwe nzvimbo.
• Gadziridza router nefirmware yemudziyo nguva nenguva.
• Isa vaenzi nemidziyo yakangwara pane imwe SSID kana VLAN yakasiyana.

Dambudziko Rechokwadi: Kuenderana

Chikonzero chikuru chinoita kuti vanhu varambe vari paWPA2 hachisi chekuchengetedza; ndechekuti mimwe midziyo yavo haigone kubatana nechimwe chinhu.Router yakaiswa paWPA3-only inoramba mudziyo weWPA2-only.

Kunzwisisa chikonzero nei izvi zvichiitika kunoita kuti sarudzo ive nyore.

Nei Mimwe Midziyo Isingatsigire WPA3

Midziyo yakawanda yakagadzirwa WPA3 isati yavapo, uye hardware yavo kana firmware hazvigone kuvandudzwa kuti zviitsigire.Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune zvigadzirwa zvepamba zvinodhura zvakachipa, makamera ekare, maprinta, maskena anobatwa nemaoko uye materminal ekutengesa.

Vamwe havana simba rekurangarira kana rekugadzirisa. Vamwe vanoshandisa machipisi nesoftware yechizvarwa chekare. Kunyangwe mugadziri anoda kuwedzera WPA3 anogona kunge asina nzira yekuvandudza mayuniti aripo kare.

WPA2/WPA3 Mixed Mode: Zvainogadzirisa uye Zvaisingagadzirise

Mixed mode inobvumira zvishandiso zveWPA3 neWPA2 kuti zvigovane zita rimwe chete renetwork, asi network yacho yakachengeteka seWPA2 chete.Midziyo mitsva inobatana neWPA3 uye yekare inodzokera kuWPA2.

Inogadzirisa dambudziko chairo: unogona kutama usina kutsiva zvese panguva imwe chete. Hazvigadzirise musiyano wekuchengetedza, nekuti murwisi anogona kunanga nzira isina kusimba yeWPA2. Nechikonzero ichocho, maSSID akasiyana ezvishandiso zveWPA2 neWPA3 anowanzova sarudzo yakasimba.

Sei Chishandiso Chingatadza Kubatana Mushure mekunge Wachinja

Kana mudziyo ukatadza kubatana mushure mekuchinja, chikonzero chacho chingangove kusawirirana pakati pemaitiro ayo anotsigirwa nehurongwa hwerouter yako.Zvikonzero zvinowanzo sanganisira:

• Router yacho yakagadzirirwa WPA3-chete, asi mudziyo unotsigira WPA2 chete.
• Chishandiso ichi chinoti chinotsigirwa neWPA2/WPA3 mumagadzirirwo acho asi chine bug ine mixed mode. Mamwe mapiritsi ekare anoita seizvi.
• Chishandiso ichi chinoshanda chete pa2.4 GHz, uye zita renetwork kana bhendi steering zviri kukanganisa.
• Router haina kushandisa mode itsva, saka mudziyo uri kubatana pasi pemagadzirirwo akasiyana pane zvaunotarisira.

Kuchinja router kuenda kuWPA2/WPA3 mixed mode, kana kutamisa mudziyo kune imwe network yeWPA2 yakasiyana, kunogadzirisa nyaya dzakawanda idzi.

Ndeipi Yaunofanira Kushandisa?

Shandisa WPA3 chero kupi zvako kwainotsigira mudziyo wese, uye shandisa WPA2 yakaoma pane chero chinhu chisingaitsigire.Mhinduro chaiyo inoenderana nemidziyo iri panetwork yako uye kuti data rako rinonyanya kunzwisisika sei.

Manetwork Epamba

Kudzimba zhinji, WPA3 kana mixed mode ndiyo sarudzo yakakodzera kana router ichiitsigira.Tarisa kuti mafoni ako, malaptop nemidziyo yako yemazuva ano zvichiri kubatana mushure mekuchinja.

Kana michina mishoma ikatadza kushanda, ichengete paWPA2 pane kushayisa simba network yese yepamba.

Nzvimbo dzeBhizinesi Diki nedzeMabhizinesi

Mabhizinesi madiki anofanira kuparadzanisa vashandi, vaenzi uye vashanyi vemidziyo vasati vanetseka nezve protocol version.Kupatsanurana kunoderedza kukuvara kana mudziyo mumwe chete ukakanganiswa.

Kana zvichibvira, shandisa WPA3 yemidziyo yevashandi uye chengeta michina yekare pane network yeWPA2 yakaganhurirwa ine mukana wekuwana zvainoda chete.

Manetwork eVaenzi neVeruzhinji

Manetwork evashanyi anobatsirwa zvakanyanya neOWE, nekuti inochengetedza traffic isina kukumbira vashanyi kuti vanyore password.Uku kuvandudzwa kuri pachena kwekuchengetedzwa kwepachivande kuburikidza ne network yakavhurika.

Kana OWE isipo, password iri nyore yeWPA2 kana WPA3 inogovaniswa nevashanyi ichiri nani pane network isina kunyorwa.

Nzvimbo dzeMabhizinesi neDzinodzorwa

Masangano anobata ruzivo rwakakosha anofanira kushandisa 802.1X ine zvitupa, neWPA3-Enterprise uko vatengi vavo vanoitsigira.Zvitupa zvinobvisa mapassword akagovaniswa zvachose.

Maitiro e192-bit akakodzera kufungwa nezvawo chete kana mutengi wese achikwanisa kuatsigira, sezvo asingakwanise kudzokera shure.

WPA2 neWPA3 muZvigadzirwa Zvakabatana: Mamiriro Akajairika

Muzvigadzirwa zvakabatana, nzira yekuchengetedza yaunosarudza inofanira kushanda nemidziyo yatove nevatengi vako.Pane zvimwe zviitiko zvinouya kakawanda.

Smart Home: Midziyo Yakawanda Yemakore Akasiyana Panetwork Imwe Chete

Imba yakajairika ine michina inotengwa yakasiyana nemakore, saka WPA3-haiwanzo shanda pazuva rekutanga.Mapulagi, maswichi, masensa nemakiyi zvinowanzobatana ne2.4 GHz neWPA2.

Network yakasiyana yeIoT, kana kuti mixed mode se stopgap, inoita kuti zvese zvirambe zvichishanda ukuwo zvishandiso zvitsva zvichiwana dziviriro yakasimba.imba yakangwaraKushanda nguva dzose kunosanganisira kuronga mamiriro ezvinhu aya chaiwo.

Matoyi Akabatana: Kugadziriswa nevabereki paMarouter Epamba

Matoyi akabatana anowanzo gadziriswa nevabereki pane chero router yavanotova nayo, saka kuabatanidza kunofanira kushanda pane network sezvazviri.Kukundikana kwekubatanidza mushure mekuchinja router ndechimwe chezvikonzero zvinowanzoonekwa zvekutsigira.

Mirairo yakajeka yekugadzirisa, uye chinyorwa pamusoro pekuenderana kwenetwork, zvinodzivirira mhuri uye zvinodzivirira mapoka ekutsigira zvakanyanya. Izvi zvinoshanda kufunga nezvazvo mune yeduChitoyi cheAImapurojekiti.

Nzvimbo dzekupaka dzakangwara: Nzvimbo dzinotarisirwa neMidziyo Yakasanganiswa

Nzvimbo dzekupaka mota dzinowanzo sanganisa michina yakaiswa mumakore akasiyana, nemutemo we network unogadzwa nemaneja wezvivakwa kana timu ye IT.Dzimba dzepasi nenzvimbo dzekunze zvinowedzera matambudziko adzo ekubatanidza.

Kubvumirana padanho rekuchengetedza nemuridzi wenetiweki yewebhusaiti nekukurumidza kunodzivirira kushamisika pakuisa. Ndiyo imwe yenzira dzatinoshandisa.kupaka mota kwakangwaramapurojekiti.

Mapurojekiti eIoT Akagadzirwa Nemunhu: Kusarudza Nzira Yekuchengetedza Network Pakutanga

Nzira yekuchengetedza network iri nyore kusarudza padanho rekugadzira pane kana michina yave kushanda.Kana mayuniti angotumirwa, kuchinja zvavanotsigira kunogona kuoma kana kusakwanisika.

Sarudzai pachine nguva kuti ndeapi mamodhi anofanirwa kushanda nawo mumidziyo yenyu, kuti ichagadziriswa sei, uye kuti ichagamuchira sei zvichangobva kugadziriswa.

Maitiro Ekutarisa Uye Kuchinja Router Yako's Security Mode

Unogona kusimbisa nzira yekuchengetedza yauri kushandisa pari zvino chete mumagadzirirwo erouter yako, kwete pamidziyo yako.Mudziyo unotsigira WPA3 ucharamba uchibatana neWPA2 kana ndizvo zvakagadziriswa router.

1. Vhura browser woisa kero ye IP ye router yako.
2. Pinda nemagwaro ako ekutonga.
3. Enda kune zvigadziriso zve wireless kana zve security.
4. Tsvaga nzira yekuchengetedza kana sarudzo yemhando yekusimbisa.
5. Sarudza WPA3, WPA2/WPA3 mixed mode, kana WPA2 (AES) sezvakakodzera.
6. Chengetedza shanduko wobva wabatanidzazve zvishandiso zvako.

Kana usingakwanise kuwana marongero acho, bhuku rekushandisa rerouter yako kana peji rekutsigira remugadziri richava nematanho anoenderana nemuenzaniso wacho.

Maitiro Ekutama kubva kuWPA2 kuenda kuWPA3 Nhanho Nenhanho

Kutama kwakachengeteka kunoitika zvishoma nezvishoma: tanga waona zvishandiso zvako, wozozvifambisa mumapoka.Kuchinja zvinhu zvese panguva imwe chete ndiko kunokonzera kuti zvinhu zvisashande zvakanaka.

1. Ongorora midziyo yako.Nyora kuti ndeapi anotsigira WPA3 uye ndeapi ari WPA2 chete.
2. Shandisa mixed mode pane network imwe chete.Tarisa kuti ndeapi maturusi anobatanidzwa neprotocol ipi.
3. Kusiyanisa nzvimbo dzine vanhu vanobatwa.Gadzira WPA2-only SSID kana VLAN yemidziyo isingakwanise kusimudzira.
4. Fambisa network dzinonzwa kuWPA3-chete.Ita izvi sezvo michina ichivandudzwa kana kutsiviwa.
5. Gadza zuva rekuongorora.Bvisa network yeWPA2 sezvo zvishandiso zvekare zvasvika pakuguma kwehupenyu.

Maitiro Ekutama kubva kuWPA2 kuenda kuWPA3 Nhanho Nenhanho

Kutama kwakachengeteka kunoitika zvishoma nezvishoma: tanga waona zvishandiso zvako, wozozvifambisa mumapoka.Kuchinja zvinhu zvese panguva imwe chete ndiko kunokonzera kuti zvinhu zvisashande zvakanaka.

1. Ongorora midziyo yako.Nyora kuti ndeapi anotsigira WPA3 uye ndeapi ari WPA2 chete.
2. Shandisa mixed mode pane network imwe chete.Tarisa kuti ndeapi maturusi anobatanidzwa neprotocol ipi.
3. Kusiyanisa nzvimbo dzine vanhu vanobatwa.Gadzira WPA2-only SSID kana VLAN yemidziyo isingakwanise kusimudzira.
4. Fambisa network dzinonzwa kuWPA3-chete.Ita izvi sezvo michina ichivandudzwa kana kutsiviwa.
5. Gadza zuva rekuongorora.Bvisa network yeWPA2 sezvo zvishandiso zvekare zvasvika pakuguma kwehupenyu.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

Mhedziso

WPA3 ndiyo nzira iri nani, uye WPA2 inoramba ichigamuchirwa kana yaoma. Sarudzo chaiyo inoenderana nemidziyo yako, kwete sarudzo itsva iri mumenyu.

Tanga nekutsvaga kuti chii chiri panetwork yako. Bvisa zvishandiso zvekare kubva kune zvitsva, uye enda kuWPA3 kana michina yako ichibvumira.