Yini i-NFC Module?
Imojula ye-NFC, eyaziwa nangokuthi imojula yokufunda ye-NFC, iyingxenye yezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ehlanganisa eduze nokusebenza kwenkundla yezokuxhumana (NFC) ibe idivayisi kagesi noma isistimu. Lawa mamojuli asetshenziselwa ukunika amandla ukuxhumana kwe-NFC phakathi kwedivayisi ahlanganiswe nayo namanye amadivayisi anikwe amandla i-NFC noma omaka be-NFC. Iqukethe izingxenye ezidingekayo ezihlanganisa uthi lwe-NFC nesilawuli esincane noma isilawuli se-NFC. Nakhu ukuhlukaniswa kwezingxenye ezibalulekile ezivame ukutholakala kumamojula we-NFC:
Izingxenye ezibalulekile ezijwayelekile kumamojula we-NFC
1. I-antenna ye-NFC noma ikhoyili
I-antenna ye-NFC iyingxenye ebalulekile yemojula, ekhiqiza izinkambu kazibuthe kagesi ezidingekayo ekuxhumaneni kwe-NFC. Inesibopho sokudlulisa nokwamukela izinkambu ze-electromagnetic ezisetshenziselwa ukuxhumana. Usayizi nomklamo we-antenna kungase kwehluke kuye ngecala elithile lokusetshenziswa kanye nomklamo wedivayisi.
2. I-Microcontroller noma isilawuli se-NFC
Isilawuli esincane noma isilawuli se-NFC sinesibopho sokulawula ukusebenza kwemojuli ye-NFC. Iphatha imisebenzi efana nombhalo wekhodi nokuqopha idatha, ukuphatha izivumelwano zokuxhumana, nokulawula ukuziphatha kwemojula ye-NFC. Isilawuli singase futhi sibe nenkumbulo yokugcina idatha ne-firmware.
3. Isixhumi esibonakalayo
Amamojula e-NFC ngokuvamile anokusebenzelana kokuxhuma kudivayisi yomsingathi njenge-smartphone, ithebhulethi, noma isistimu eshumekiwe. Lokhu kungaba ngendlela yesixhumi esibonakalayo (isb., i-USB, i-UART, i-SPI, i-I2C) noma isixhumi esibonakalayo esingenantambo (isb., i-Bluetooth, i-Wi-Fi) ukuze uthole amamojula e-NFC athuthuke kakhulu.
4. Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi
Imojuli ye-NFC idinga amandla ukuze isebenze. Ngokuvamile zisebenza ngokusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi futhi zinganikwa amandla ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, kuye ngohlelo lokusebenza, njengamandla e-USB, ibhethri, noma amandla aqondile avela kudivayisi yomsingathi.
5. I-Firmware/software
I-firmware kumojuli ye-NFC iqukethe imiyalelo yesofthiwe edingekayo ukuze kusingathwe iphrothokholi yokuxhumana ye-NFC, ukushintshana kwedatha nemisebenzi yezokuphepha. Isofthiwe iphatha ukuqaliswa nokunqanyulwa kokuxhumana kwe-NFC futhi ihlinzeka onjiniyela ngama-API ukuze bahlanganise ukusebenza kwe-NFC ezinhlelweni zokusebenza. I-Firmware kwesinye isikhathi ingabuyekezwa ukuze isekele izici ezintsha noma ibhekane nokuba sengozini kwezokuvikela.
Isebenza kanjani imojuli ye-NFC
I-NFC ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana obungenantambo obuvumela idatha ukuthi ishintshwe phakathi kwamadivayisi amabili lapho amadivayisi aseduze (imvamisa phakathi kwamasentimitha ambalwa noma amayintshi). Amamojula e-NFC enza kube lula lokhu kuxhumana nomsebenzi ngokusekelwe ezimisweni zokuxhumana ze-electromagnetic kanye nefrikhwensi yomsakazo (RF). Nansi incazelo elula yokuthi imojula ye-NFC isebenza kanjani:
Uma imojuli ye-NFC ivuliwe, iyaqaliswa futhi ilungele ukuxhumana.
1. Qala
Idivayisi iqala ukuxhumana kwe-NFC ngokukhiqiza inkambu kazibuthe kagesi. Inkambu ikhiqizwa ngokugeleza kwamandla kagesi ngekhoyili ye-NFC noma uthi olusedivayisini yokuqalisa.
2. Ukutholwa kwethagethi
Uma enye idivayisi (okuqondisiwe) enikwe amandla i-NFC isondela eduze nesiqalisi, ikhoyili yayo ye-NFC noma uthi ithola futhi ijatshuliswe inkambu kazibuthe kagesi. Lokhu kwenza okuqondiwe ukuthi kuphendule esicelweni somqalisi.
3. Ukushintshisana kwedatha
Uma ukuxhumana sekusunguliwe, idatha ingashintshwa phakathi kwamadivayisi amabili. I-NFC isebenzisa izimiso zokuxhumana ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-ISO/IEC 14443, ISO/IEC 18092, kanye nokucaciswa kweforamu ye-NFC, ukuchaza ukuthi idatha ishintshaniswa kanjani phakathi kwamadivayisi.
4. Funda idatha
Umqalisi angafunda ulwazi olusuka kulokho okuqondiwe njengombhalo, i-URL, imininingwane yokuxhumana, nanoma iyiphi enye idatha egcinwe kumaka we-NFC noma i-chip. Kuye ngemodi nephrothokholi esetshenzisiwe, imojuli ye-NFC ingaqalisa isicelo solwazi (isibonelo, ukufunda idatha kumaki) noma iphendule esicelweni esisuka kwenye idivayisi.
5. Bhala idatha
Umqalisi angabhala idatha kumpokophelo. Isilawuli se-NFC sicubungula idatha etholiwe futhi siyidlulisela kudivayisi yomsingathi (njenge-smartphone noma ikhompuyutha) ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo. Isibonelo, lokhu ngokuvamile kusetshenziselwa imisebenzi efana nokudlulisa amafayela, ukulungisa izilungiselelo, noma ukubuyekeza ulwazi lwethegi ye-NFC.
6. Ukunqanyulwa
Uma ukushintshana kwedatha sekuqediwe noma idivayisi iphuma ebangeni eliseduze, inkambu kazibuthe kagesi iyaphazamiseka futhi uxhumano lwe-NFC luyanqanyulwa.
7. Ukuxhumana kwephuzu nephuzu
I-NFC futhi isekela ukuxhumana kontanga kuya kontanga, ivumela amadivayisi amabili anikwe amandla i-NFC ukuthi ashintshisane ngedatha ngokuqondile. Lokhu kuwusizo emisebenzini efana nokwabelana ngamafayela, abathintwayo, noma ukuqalisa okunye ukusebenzisana. Isibonelo, ungasebenzisa i-NFC ukwabelana ngamafayela noma ukusungula uxhumano phakathi kwama-smartphone amabili ngezinjongo ezihlukahlukene.
Kuhle ukuqaphela ukuthi i-NFC yakhelwe ukuxhumana kwebanga elifushane, okuyenza ingabi lula ekulaleleni kunobunye ubuchwepheshe obungenawaya obufana ne-Wi-Fi noma i-Bluetooth, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha.
Ukusetshenziswa NFC module
Amamojula we-NFC asetshenziswa kabanzi, kufaka phakathi kodwa akukhawulelwe kuwo:
1. Amadivaysi eselula
Amamojula e-NFC avame ukutholakala kuma-smartphones kanye namathebulethi futhi anike amandla imisebenzi efana nokukhokha ngaphandle kokuthinta, ukudluliswa kwedatha kontanga kuya kontanga, nokumataniswa okusekelwe ku-NFC namanye amadivayisi.
2. Ukulawula ukufinyelela
Amamojula e-NFC asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokulawula ukufinyelela ukuze anikeze ukungena okuphephile ezakhiweni, amagumbi noma ezimotweni kusetshenziswa amakhadi okhiye anikwe amandla yi-NFC noma amabheji. Abasebenzisi bathola ukufinyelela ngokuthepha ikhadi le-NFC noma umaka kumojula yokufunda.
3. Ezokuthutha
Ubuchwepheshe be-NFC busetshenziswa ekuthengeni amathikithi ngaphandle kokuthinta kanye nezinhlelo zokukhokha imali yezinto zokuhamba zomphakathi. Abagibeli bangakhokhela izinto zokuhamba zomphakathi besebenzisa amakhadi anikwe amandla yi-NFC noma amadivaysi eselula.
4. Ukuphathwa kwempahla
Amamojula e-NFC asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuphatha izinto ukuze ulandelele futhi uphathe izinto ngokusebenzisa omaka be-NFC noma omaka.
5. Ukudayisa
Amamojula e-NFC angasetshenziselwa izinkokhelo zeselula nokukhangisa ezindaweni zokudayisa. Amakhasimende angenza izinkokhelo noma afinyelele ulwazi olwengeziwe lomkhiqizo ngokuthepha idivayisi yawo kutheminali enikwe amandla i-NFC noma umaka.
6. Isitifiketi somkhiqizo
Omaka be-NFC namamojula asetshenziselwa ukufakazela ubuqiniso kwemikhiqizo futhi anikeze abathengi ulwazi mayelana nomkhiqizo’s ubuqiniso, umsuka kanye neminye imininingwane.
7. Ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha
Amamojula e-NFC asetshenziswa ekunakekelweni kwezempilo ukuhlonza isiguli, ukuphathwa kwemithi, kanye nokulandelelwa kwemishini yezokwelapha.
8. Ukupakisha okuhlakaniphile
I-NFC isetshenziswa ekufakweni okuhlakaniphile ukuze kuhlinzekwe abathengi ngolwazi lomkhiqizo, ukulandelela i-inventory kanye nokubandakanya amakhasimende ngokuqukethwe okusebenzisanayo.
Amamojula e-NFC aya ngokuya aduma ngenxa yokusebenzisa kwawo kalula, izici zokuphepha, nokuguquguquka kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukahlukene. Inika amandla ukushintshana kwedatha okulula, okuvikelekile futhi okuphumelelayo phakathi kwamadivayisi aseduze nezinto, okuwenza afanelekele izimo ezihlukahlukene.